Gear pump



April 12, 1921, 1,624,099

H, H.l HAlGl-rr GEA@ PUMP :f

Filed March 11, 1925' s sheets-sheet 1 V lIllIlIIIIIllIIlIIIIl/ ATTORNEYS,

Aprillz, 1927.

y H'. H. HAIGHT GEAR PUMP -Filed'maron 11. 1925 vs sheets-smet 2 INVENTOR.'

ATTORNEYS 1 April. 12 1927 i-LH. HAIGHT GEAR PUMP Filea Maren 11, 1925 :sheets-sheet ATToRNEYsj l' Patented Apr. 12, 1927.

HIRAM Hi HAIGHT, F MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN.

GEAR PUMP.

Application-lied vMarch. 11,'1925. Serial 'Nm 14,638'.

This invention relates to improvements 1n gear pumps. Y l

I have illustrated the invention embodied in a. pump of the type in which a spin' gear or pinion meshes with internal teeth on an eccentric ring. The invention is particularly adapted for use in that` type of Plmv- One of the obJects of the invention relates to a novel organization of the inlet and outlet ports of a. pump of this character, whereby to minimize resistance to the passage of water through the pump ,by eliminating as far as possible sharp bends or curves in lthe path which the water is obliged-'to folow. 1t is a further. importantnbject of this invention tojprovide a novel type of bear-` ing for a pump of this charactenwhich is Vso .prganized that the lubricant will not reach. the fluid pumped and the fluid handled by the pump `will not yreach the I bearing surfaces. Such a construction is of great advantage where syrups and the like are being pumped, since the syrups would be-'speiled if lubricant reached them, and

Syrups in a bearing have the quality of bel 'coming carbonized and destroying the smooth running qualities of the bearing.

It is a further important object of the invention to providea construction suchthat the pump inay'be altered in accordance with the character of the fluid to. be handled thereby.. AThe inlet and outlet ports of any pump case are ordinarily made as lar as is practical in order to minimize frictlonal resistance to fluid flow. Nevertheless,I in order that the pump may operateeliciently vthe capacity of the pump must bear a proportion to the capacity of the inlet and out' let. ports, which is determined in large part by thecharacter of the liquid pumped, such factors as viscosity being primarily taken linto consideration. An inlet and outlet may be of such a size as to enable a gear pump to function efficiently in pumping air or the like` since air is a fluid which passes with little -friction through the ports. On the f other hand, if the samev pump were employed to handle syrup or molasses it would operate very inetliciently since the capacity of the pump itself would far exceed the amount of such liquids which could. flow through the inlet and outlet passages. As a conse uence partial vacuums would be formed in t e ininstallation is required to handle liquids of varying viscosity, and it is one of the objects of this invention to provide means for alter- -ing the capaityfof the 'pumping gears so asv to iuaintaiftlw. proper proportion between' the pump capacity and the rate of flow of a particularliquid lthrough the inlet and outlet ports. A

In the drawings:

Figure l is a section taken'on line 1--1 of Figure 2 transversely of the axis of the pumpshaft. I i

Figure 2 is a section taken on line 2-2 of Figure l parallel to the axis of the pump shaft.

Figure 3 is a section taken on line 3 3 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a. detail view taken on the section line indicated at 4-4 in Figure 3..

Figure 5 is a detail view taken on a section similar to that ofFigure 2 and illustrating the application of interchangeable parts to the interior of the pump casing for the purpose of varying the capacity of the Figure 7 is a detail view similar to Figure 5 showing a further modified construction for varying the capacity ofthe pump.

Figure 8 is a. developed View of the divided inlet and outlet passages. Like parts are identified by the same reference characters throughout the several views.

The pump com rises an annular casing wall 10 closed at its ends, by disk-like end plates 11 and 12 which are preferably shouldered as at 13 to be received within wall 10. The usual crescent shaped baille 16 is su ported from end plates 11 and- 12 and may e made in two parts 16a and 16. meeting substantially in the jpl-ane of the section in which Figure 1 is taken, in 'the center of the pump casing. If desired, an arcuately extending sectorof a packing ring may be baille.

Projecting 'axially from each of thevend plates 11 and 12 isa sleeve, vincluding the are offset to provideV n opening 23 into which packing materia may be introduced 'in the manner hereinafter to be described:

' The lsleeve portions 21'are provid/ed wlth outstanding ears 26 Which are capped to reeeive bolts 27. A bushing or bearing sleeve 30 is receivable 1n each of the sleeves cou- Y nected with end plates 11 and 12 and is headed at 31 to provide means engageable'by bolts 27 to hold the bushings or bearing Asleeves in place.

vA packing gland is formed at'32 iu sleeve portion 20. and is adapted to receive the packing material 33. Each of thev bushings extends into the sleeve portion 20 to sub--Y ject the packing material '33 and gland 32 to compression to an extent ,which may be regu- -i lated by turning up bolts 27. When it hecomes necessary to replace or add to the amount of packing material at 33, it is meref ly necessary to unscrew bolt 28 to such an 4extent as to Apermit the end of sleeve 30 to be Withdrawn across recess 23. lVitli the bushing 30thus supported and guided, it is possible to introduce packing into thegland much more readily than would be the ease if it were necessary wholly to remove the bushing. i Each bushing 30 is preferably provided internally near its inner end with an annular groove or recess 34 which communicates through upper and lower openings 35 with the space 23. Into one of such openings leads a flush pipe 36 which is preferably provided with-a valve-controlled 'connection `with some source of water supply. '.lhrough this means it is possible to flush out any undesired material tendingr to penetrate either from the bearing Within bushing 30 toward the packing material 33 or from packing gland 32 toward the bearing. The bearing in' the\interior of bushing 30 may be lubricated in the usual manner by means of a greasecup 38 communicating with the bearing surface.

The usual pump shaft 40 has a bearing in the bushing sleeves 30'on opposite ends of the pump easing, and upon this shaft is mounted the pinion 41, the 'teeth of which correspond in radius to the inner surface ol" the crescent shaped sector 16`in the usual manner. The pinion meshes with a floating ring gear 42 which preferably is provided with a number of radial passages 43 opening from the extremities of its inwardly project-- ing teeth to its exterior periphery, and with passages 44 opening from its interdental spaces to its periphery. These passages provide for the ingress and egress of iiuids from the active portion of the pump, it being understood that the pump operates by a displacement of material 'resulting from the meshing in one side of the pump casing of the teeth of the pinion 41 and gear 42.

It is the usual practice in manufacturing a pump of this character to mount the ring gear 42 for rotation directly Within the easing annulus 10. I prefer, however, to interpose a bushing member 'to take up wear between these parts, andi have found that the provision of such a vmember 'is perfectly practicable providing the bushing member is made in the form of alantern ring, as shown at 45; It is particularlyV to be noted that the spacing of the bars 46 of the bushing ring and the apertures 47 thereof'is such that the bars andspaces are of substantially equal peripherglextent and such extent is slightly smallerV than the peripheral distance between adjacent passages-43 and 44. Asa result of this construction it is impossible for the bars of the lantern ring wholly to close simultaneously two or more consecutive discharge or inlet passages. As the teeth. of the pinion approach a position of full mesh with the 'teeth cf the gear or'recede from such position they will always be tilted toward one side or the other in their respective interdental spaces of the gear, and consequently there will always be a possibility for 'liuid trapped in a passage `which is sealed. by the lantern ring 45 to escape in one direction or the other toward ay passage which is open. For this reason the provision of passages 43, as Well as those at 44, is very desirable in conjunction with the use of the particular type of lantern ring .bushing shown at 45.

In order to facilitate the flow of liquidthrough `the pump and'at the same time to maintain the inlet and outlet connections of the pump in substantial alignment, l prefer'to have the inlet and outlet passages cross cach other .as shown. It is usual for the inlet passage 50 to communicate with the left hand side of the pump casing, as viewed in Figure 1, while the outlet passage 51 communicates with the rightl Ahand side thereof. It will be obvious, however, that in such an arrangement the liquid is forced to, make sharp turnsin-entering and in leaving the pump casing proper. This consumes energy and is undesirable for that reason. In the device herein illustrated. the inlet passage() Adivides into subordinate passages 52 and 53 which extend across the top of annulus 10 and curve gradually to merge ultimately with the arcof the interior of the pump easing. Similarly, the outlet port originates in divided passages 54 and 55 which gradually digress 'from' the arc of the interior of the pump casing upwardly and to the right from the left hand ,side` of the casing and are united in thelsingle lllf) lll) outlet passage 51;; In thefcentralupper por-l tion of the deviceuthe passages 52, 54, 53,'

and are in staggered relation, as is clearly shown in' Figure 3. I havefound such an arrangement to minimize resistance to current flow through the pump and' at -the same time to distribute `the incomingliquid to both sides or the-rotors or gears -1n a manner Ywhich would notV be possible if undivided inlet and outlet passages 'were employed. It will bec-leal' that if the' inlet passage were upon one side of the pump casing and the outlet passages on theother, `the entire iiow of liquid to -the interdental spaces ot' the rotors would be but from one side with a consequent loss of capacltatlve4 efiiciency.

- Likewise, the egress of the fluid would be In stating the objects of this invention. I,

. called attention to the fact. that in handling viscous materialsor other materials which do not --How readilythere-is a tendency for the friction of the inlet and outletpassages so to retard the -fiow that the material will'l not fully 'fill the inter-dental spaces on the inletside of the` pump. In other words, it is desirable where viscous or some heavy materials are handled to provide means for reducing the capacity of the pumping mechanisln sc that such mechanism will handle at all times the full amount of liquid which ports.

may be admitted and discharged through the Furthermore, it is frequently desirable to use a given pump linstallation and to have vit operate efficiently with differentA kinds of liquids.

To suit such requirements I have provided in the pump herein disclosed an interchangeable set of rotors so that upon the mere removal of one o the heads 11 or 12 of the pump it is possible readily to substitute tor gears 41 and 42 through gears of less axial extent` and of correspondingly reduced pumping. capacity.

In orderl to 'employ smaller rotors in a given size of casing, such as that shown in the drawings herein, it' is necessary to use one or more oating ringmembers 60 and 61. 'lhese members are fitted within the casing to abut the rotors 41 and 42 upon either `side and have an effect somewhat as it'the thickness of the heads 11 and 12 of the casing werel varia-bly increased to the extent represented by the axial dimension of these` rings. Obviously, however, the rings and Ithe substitute rotors 41 and 42 may be made up in sets, any one of which may be substituted in the case for that shown therein in Figure 2, so that the capacity of the pumpsace 51 to have in ressor evress from'tle ing device 'perse maybe wide limits without materiallychanging the installation of the casing. With each such set a suitable floating bushingl 45 "will vse used for the purposes already/described.

Since the purpose of the interchangeable sets of rotary and atinplt elements in this 1 device is to handle viscous quids'etectively, .is desirable to 'maintain as great `as pos- "sible a capacity for the inlet and outlet pas through passage 50 or leaving througlipasf interdental spaces at the sides thereof. The Vducts 63 and 64, therefore, supplement passages 44 and 47 of the'r'ing '42 and the lantern bushing 45.A l

Since it is desirable to Vmake the filler rings 60 and 61 of the floating type to avoid any necessity for anchoring them, and also to reduce friction in the interior of the pump, I prefer to provide a'lnultiplicity of radial channels 63 and 64`in the manner shown in Figure 6 so that 'regardless of which portions of the margins of these tillers may be adjacent the ports of the pump casing, there will always -be available suitable channels 63 and 64 communicating with the inlet and outlet passages in the casing. y

Furthermore in. order to make the rings 60 and 61 in such form that they, may float within the casing and at the same time to eliminate undesired interior capacity within the pump it is preferable to add to the device separate filler members 65 and 66 which, as indicated in the drawings, are cut to fit between the hub portion 67 of pinion 41', the

-nterior periphery ofthe ringrgear 42", and

the crescent-shaped battle 16. By making these vfiller members 65 and 66 separately from the rings 60 and 61 the rings are left free to rotate and the construction is greatly simplified. l It wouldv be avery diilicult to manufacture the tiller members 65 and 66 integrally with adjacent portions of the oating rings. i

In Figure fied constructionfor varying the capacityof the pump inv a manner even more simple than that Aillustrated in Figuresl 5 and 6.

In tho Figure 7 construction the original ring' gear 42 is allowed to remain unaltered inthe casing and variations in size a`re accomplished by the simple expedient. of replacing pinion 41-with the shorter pinion 41 and inserting u on either side of pinion 41v ller members Oand 71 which are similar to ller members 65 and 66 previously described but dili'er in that the Figure 7 construction includes no hub for pinion 41. Consequently liller members and 71 are in direct contact with shaft 40.

7 I have shown a further modil64 in positions to enable .Huid .entering In the Figure 7 construction fewer parts are required and with a given sige pt ring gear any desired capacityv less than the maximum capacity of such ring gear may be had merely by i terchanging suitable sets of replacements ements. Each such lset will in clude a suit ble size of pinion 4.1."'and filler i embers '.70 and.71. It will be' clear .that t vo filler members 7 O and 71 are-employed i order to position the pinieii approxiion clear vatone side of the asing as would atelycentrally instead ot lcating the pinbe the case ifA the entire lspac left vacant by the pinion was filled by la. single filler meinber. By l having the Apilnion disposed centrally within the ring gear it will be obvious that the relatively elongated interdental space in the ring gear will comprise oversize ports for the admission of Huid to and from the areas of mesh between the pinion and` gear. ii

claim: I 1. In a device ot the character described,

the combination with a pump casin'gaiid a rotary pump mechanism therein, ot inlet and outlet passages communicating with opposite portions of said casing and passing each other toopen in opposite directions and opposite to the' portions ot thc casing with which they communicate, said passages be directions and communicating with said easing at points on opposite sides thereof, said passages being curved toward said points to communicate withthe interior of said casing substantially tangentally with reference to the circuitous path of material therein and being sub-divided to pass each other with portions in alternating relation, whereby material entering and leaving said casing will follow a substantially directed path thereto throughout the axial length oi the casing with no sudden change of direction and with consequent small degree of obstruction. v

3. In a device'oil the character described,

the combination with a pump casing having inlet and outlet'ports,'a driving pump pinion operatively mounted in said casing, and a driven internal gear operatively meshing with said pinion and provided with tluid passages affording communication between tit between the side oi said its inner and outer peripheries; of a floating bushing interposed between said gear and said casing and provided with peripherally spaced radially extending openings about its entire circumference, whereby to afford communication between the passages of said gear and the vports of said casing in dierent posit'ons of rotation of said bushing, the passages of said gear being extended to inter- Adental spaces .thereof and also to points on the teeth therbof, and Athe openings in said bushing being'. so spaced'- that they cannot wholly obstruct twp consecutive passages in said gearsimultaneously. y

li. In a ldevice ofthe character described,

the combination with a casn'g adapted interl changcably to receive sets of pumping rotors having varying capacities, of a set of pumping rotors including a pinion and an internal gear of less axial ext-cnt than said casing, and an annular filling member adapted to jacent wall of thc casing.

' 5. Iii a device of the character described,

the combination with a casing adapted interchangeably to receive sets of pumpin rotors having varying capacities, of a set o pumpgear and the ading rotors including a pinion and an internal gear o less axial extent than said casing, and an annularvlilling member 'adaptedto lit between the side of said gear and the adjacent wall of the casing, said filler member being provided with a port adapted to register laterally with the interde'ntal spaces of :aid gear.

(i. In a device ofthe character described,l r

the combination with a casing adapted interchangeably to receive sets of pumpingA rotors having varying capacities, of a set of pumping rotors including a pinion and an internal gear of less axal extent than said casing,

and an.aiinular filling member adapted to H fit between the side of said gear and the adjacent wall of the casing, said gear being provided with radial delivery passages and said filler member being provided with passages adapted to register laterally with interdental spaces o f said gear, whereby to augment the 4capacity of said radial passages. y

'7. In a device of the character described, the combination with a ported pump casing adapted to receive rotary pumping elementsl -in sets of varying capacities, of a shaft oper- 'atively mounted in said casing, a pumping pinion on sad shaft. having less axial extent than said casing, a pump gear operatively meshing within said pinion and operatively guided from said casing` for rotation therein, and filler means receivable in said casing and A complementary to the said pinion and gear, whereby to render such pinion and operative in a comparatively oversize casing.

8. In a device 'of the character described,

the combination with a ported pump casing 3o.

adapted to receive rotary pumping elements iis in sets of varying capacities, of a shaft operatively mounted 1n said casing, a pumpmg pinion on ysaid shaft having less axial extent than said casing, a pump gear operatively meshing within said pinion and operatively guided from said casing forrotation therein, and filler means receivable in said casing` and complementary t o the said pinion and gear, whereby tto render such pinion and gear operative 1n a comparatively oversize casing, said filler means comprlsmg annuli positioned in said casing upon either side Vof said pinion, whereby to maintain said pinion in a position central with reference to the ports of said casin 9. In a device 'o the character described,

the combination with a ported pump casing adapted to receive rotary pump1n0 elements in sets of varying capacities, of a slaft operatively mounted in said casing, a pumping pinion on said shaft having' less axial extent than saidcasing, a pump gear .operatively meshing within said pimon and operatively guided from said casing for-rotation therein,

and filler means receivable in said casing and complementary to the said pinionand gear,

whereby to render such pinion and gear op# axial extent than said casing, a pump gear operatively meshing within said pinion and operatively guided from Jsaid'casing for rotation therein, vand filler means receivable in said casing and complementary to the said pinion and gear, whereby to render such inion-and gear operative in a comparatively oversize casing, said filler. means comprising annuli positioned in ,said casing upon either side of saidpinion, whereby to maintain said pinion -in a position central with reference to the ports of said casing -and provided with passages opening laterally and radially toward the orts of said casing, saidv gear. having ra ial passages adapted to receive and deliver material with reference to the ports of said casin vand augmented in capacity by. the capaclty of the passages in said annu 11. In a deviceof the character described,

f the combination witha ported pump casing,

of a plurality :of 'sets of-rotary pumping elements interchangeably receivable in said casing, said elements having diifering pumpof material irrespective of the position ofsaid filler,

ing capacities, whereby to vary the ratio between the sizes of the ports of said casing and the capacity of the set of pumping elements therein. i,

12. 'As 'a new 'article of manufacture, a filler'formed to be Iitted within a. pump casing operatively to enclose the interdental Ispaces of pumping gear'elements therein.

13. -As a new article' of inamxfacture, a filler formed to be fitted within a pump casing operatively to enclose the interdental spaces ofpumping gear elements therein, said filler comprising an annulus with a lcentral aperture adapted lto receive the pump shaft.

14. As a new article of manufacture, a

filler formed to be fitted lwithin a pump casing operatively to enclose the interdental spaces of pumping gear elements therein,-

said iller being provided with a passage positioned to open laterally from interdental spaces of pumping gear elements with which it is associated. v

1,5. As -a new article' of manufacture, a filler` formed to be itted within a pump casing operatively to enclose .the interdental v,spaces of pumplng gear elements therein, said filler being lprovided with circumferentially spaced, laterally opening passages positioned to communicate with mterdental spaces in pumping gear elements with which the filler is assoclated, the number of such passagesbeing sufficient to facilitate egress rom said pumping elements whereby said filler may be floated within a pump ca'slng.

1.6. In a device of the character described,"

the combination With a pump casing and a ring gear fitting therein, of a pinion operatively mounted for rota-tion within said ring gear and'in mesh therewith, said pinion be- ,y

ing of less axial extent than`said ring gear, and a filler interposed within said ring gear and between one'end of said pinion and an adjacent wall of said casing.

17. In a device of the character described, the combination .with a pump casing and ring gearfitting therein, of a inion operatively mounted for rotation wit in said ring gear and in mesh therewith, said pinion being of less axial extent than said ring gear, and filler means complementary to said pinion gearI and casing and adapted to render said pinion operative for pumping purposes.

18. In a device ofthe character described, the combination with a pump casi'ng'andA a ringgear fitting therein, of a pinion operatively mounted for rotation within said ring gear and in mesh therewith, said pinion being of less axial extent than said ring gear, and filler members inserted upon either side of said pinion between the ends of Said pinion and the adjacent walls ofsaid casing."

19. ln a device of the character described,

thecombination with a pump casing and a ring gear fitting therein of a pinion operatively mounted for rotat1on within said-ring gear and in mesh therewith, said pinion being of less axial extent` than said ring-- gear, and filler members inserted upon either side of said pinion between the ends of said pinion and the adjacent walls otsaid cas- Leegpee I ing, said filler members being adapted to 10 l the pointof mesh between said gear and 15 pinlon.

HIRAM H. HAGHT. 

